Vietnamese EFL Learners’ Perceptions of Abilities and Challenges of Learner Autonomy
Abstract
Learner autonomy is a common requirement for all Vietnamese university students. However, to become a successful English autonomous learner, the students are required to perform several tasks, namely setting learning objectives, making learning plans, taking advantage of useful learning resources, having high learning motivation, adjusting their learning strategies, and interacting with others. The present survey study used one online questionnaire to investigate Van Lang University’s English amajor’s perceptions of abilities and challenges of learner autonomy in English learning. Convenience sampling strategy was employed to include 57 students, who confirmed several abilities and very few challenges of learning autonomously. The reported learner autonomy level ranged from moderate to high, with the strongest ability in using the Internet (M= 3.84) and the weakest in self-evaluation (M= 3.51). The results have practical implications for local EFL lecturers and students. The lecturers are recommended to provide explicit training in self-evaluation strategies and material selection. Students are advised to utilize all mental, physical, and psychological resources to study English more effectively.
References
Benson, P. (2011). Teaching and researching autonomy. Pearson.
Creswell, J. W. (2012). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research, (4th, ed.). Prentice Hall.
Dang, T. T. (2010). Learner autonomy in EFL studies in Vietnam: A discussion from sociocultural perspective. English Language Teaching, 3(2), 3–9. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v3n2p3
Duong, M. T., & Nguyen, H. D. T. C. (2021). The role of learner autonomy and the use of self-regulated learning strategies: University students’ voices. In Proceedings of the 9th OpenTESOL International Conference (pp. 255–276).
Duong, M. T., & Nguyen, T. V. (2023). The students’ readiness for learner autonomy in English language learning. VNU Journal of Science: Education Research, 39(4), 70–77. https://doi.org/10.25073/2588-1159/vnuer.4727
Duong, T. H. D., & Vo, T. T. H. (2024). Fostering Vietnamese EFL learners’ learner autonomy and reading comprehension ability through online platforms. European Journal of English Language Teaching, 9(4), 113-131. http://dx.doi.org/10.46827/ejel.v9i4.5624
Ho, N. B., Dang, T. T., & Nguyen, C. T. (2023). Parents’ contributions to Vietnamese English as a foreign language students’ perceptions of learner autonomy. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 22(2), 54–75. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.22.2.4
Holec, H. (1981). Autonomy in foreign language learning. Oxford University Press.
Le, H. T. Q., Dang, T. T., & Bui, T. T. Q. (2023). Tertiary EFL students’ learner autonomy: The roles of teachers in the classroom. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 13(8), 1880–1887. https://doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1308.03
Le, H. T. Q., & Nguyen, T. H. (2022). A study on non-English major students’ learner autonomy: Difficulties and solutions. International Journal of TESOL & Education, 2(3), 197–207. https://doi.org/10.54855/ijte.222313
Le, T. N. A. (2018). EFL students’ voices on learner autonomy at a university in the Mekong Delta. VNU Journal of Foreign Studies, 34(2), 26–38. https://doi.org/10.25073/2525-2445/vnufs.4244
Le, V. T., & Huynh, T. A. (2019). Learner autonomy: Practices used and challenges encountered by EFL teachers in fostering learner autonomy at tertiary level. VNU Journal of Foreign Studies, 35(4). https://doi.org/10.25073/2525-2445/vnufs.4402
Ngo, P. A. (2020). Developing an autonomous class model for EFL students in Vietnam. Asian EFL Journal Research Articles, 27(4), 63–91.
Ngo, T. N. D., & Luu, T. M. V. (2023). Vietnamese teachers’ beliefs about fostering learner autonomy in English teaching and learning. Rupkatha Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities, 15(2), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.21659/rupkatha.v15n2.27
Nguyen, H. M., & Nguyen, T. D. N. (2023). Learner autonomy, motivation and English speaking proficiency: A study among EFL university students in Nghe An. VNU Journal of Science: Education Research, 39(1), 77–86. https://doi.org/10.25073/2588-1159/vnuer.4700
Nguyen, T. A., Nguyen, H. T., Nguyen, H. M., Pham, T. T., Le, T. T., Phuong, H. Y., & Huynh, T. A. T. (2022). Empowering Vietnamese EFL learners at tertiary level: Investigating factors shaping learner autonomy in English language acquisition. Vision: Journal for Language and Foreign Language Learning, 11(2), 125–138. https://doi.org/10.21580/vjv12i116406
Nguyen, V. S., Nguyen, T. H. N., Lam, T. H. L., & Nguyen, T. H. A. (2023). EFL high school teachers’ beliefs and practices of learner autonomy. Electronic Journal of Foreign Language Teaching, 20(1), 91–108. https://doi.org/10.56040/npln2016
Oxford, R. L. (2003). Toward a more systematic model of L2 learner autonomy. In D. Palfreyman & R. C. Smith (Eds.), Learner autonomy across cultures: Language education perspectives (pp. 75–91). Palgrave Macmillan.
Phuong, Y. H., & Vo, P. Q. (2019). Students’ learning autonomy, involvement and motivation towards their English proficiency. EduLite: Journal of English Education, Literature and Culture, 4(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.30659/e.4.1.1-12
Tran, Q. T. (2020). EFL students’ attitudes towards learner autonomy in English vocabulary learning. English Language Teaching Educational Journal, 3(2), 86–94. https://doi.org/10.12928/eltej.v3i2.2361
Tran, Q. T., & Duong, T. M. (2020). EFL learners’ perceptions of factors influencing learner autonomy development. Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences, 41, 194–199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kjss.2018.02.009
Tran, T. B. T., & Vuong, T. K. (2023). Factors affecting learner autonomy in tertiary level English learning: A study at Van Lang University. International Journal of TESOL & Education, 3(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.54855/ijte.23311
Tran, T. N. L., Truong, B. L., & Dang, T. T. (2020). How MALL helps majored students promote their learner autonomy through out-of-class activities at Van Lang University. International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation, 24(8), 3014–3029.
Trinh, T. H., & Nguyen, M. N. (2022). Vietnamese tertiary students’ autonomy in learning English listening skills. In VietTESOL International Convention 2022: Digital ELT: Approaches and Innovations (pp. 1–23).
Wenden, A. (1991). Learner strategies for learner autonomy: Planning and implementing learner training for language learners. Prentice Hall.
Downloads

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The copyright of all articles published in the International Journal of TESOL & Education (ijte) remains with the Authors, i.e. Authors retain full ownership of their article. Permitted third-party reuse of the open access articles is defined by the applicable Creative Commons (CC) end-user license which is accepted by the Authors upon submission of their paper. All articles in the ijte are published under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license, meaning that end users can freely share an article (i.e. copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and adapt it (i.e. remix, transform and build upon the material) on the condition that proper attribution is given (i.e. appropriate credit, a link to the applicable license and an indication if any changes were made; all in such a way that does not suggest that the licensor endorses the user or the use) and the material is only used for non-commercial purposes.
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository, in a journal or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.









